A Control Scheme to Mitigate Voltage Unbalance in an Islanded Microgrid using Thermostatically Controlled Loads
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Date
2022
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Department of Electrical Engineering
Abstract
With increase in requirement of electrical energy in day to day there is an
obvious increase in generation but as per the fact that India is very much reliant
on thermal power plants for its electricity generation and the raw input to plant
is coal which is available but it is limited in amount. The balance between
generation and demand needs to be maintained at all time. So, the solution to
this problem is use of renewable source of energy like solar, wind etc. There are
various advantages of using renewable energy for generating electric energy some
of which are: green energy, low cost of installation, etc. The incorporation of
renewable energy into conventional grid is possible with distributed generation
and microgrid. Microgrid is basically a small-scale power system which is designed
to meet power demand for small area. Another probable solution for marinating
the proper balance between demand and generation is by providing the control
over number of loads connected. This control of load is possible with the idea of
Demand side management (DSM). There are various advantages of microgrid like
flexibility, reliability is increased. Apart from various advantages of microgrid
there are few challenges also that comes with microgrid installation. Some of
which are: cyber-attacks, maintain good power quality. Maintaining good power
quality in power system is very important, since they become one of the main
reasons for proper operation of power system. A grid operating normally should
have voltage and frequency well within defined standard limits. This problem of
voltage unbalance is more pronounced in islanded microgrid (stand-alone
microgrid). In this work a control and mitigation scheme is used which only
activates during peak loading hours and by using the use of thermostatically
controlled to implement this control scheme the problem of voltage unbalance in
the system can be reduced. The used model of thermostatically controlled load is
different from conventional model of thermostatically controlled load model as in
conventional model reactive power consumption is ignored. During the
implementation of this control scheme to plan demand side management and to
reduce voltage unbalance in the system, the customer’s thermal comfort is
maintained. The source of standalone microgrid is PV array operating to deliver
maximum power using P&O algorithm. The system under testing is designed and
tested in MATLAB simulink environment.